path: root/common/cmd_bootm.c

/*
 * (C) Copyright 2000-2009
 * Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
 *
 * See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
 * project.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
 * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
 * MA 02111-1307 USA
 */


/*
 * Boot support
 */
#include <common.h>
#include <watchdog.h>
#include <command.h>
#include <image.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <u-boot/zlib.h>
#include <bzlib.h>
#include <environment.h>
#include <lmb.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <asm/byteorder.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_USB)
#include <usb.h>
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_HUSH_PARSER
#include <hush.h>
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT)
#include <libfdt.h>
#include <fdt_support.h>
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_LZMA
#include <lzma/LzmaTypes.h>
#include <lzma/LzmaDec.h>
#include <lzma/LzmaTools.h>
#endif /* CONFIG_LZMA */

#ifdef CONFIG_LZO
#include <linux/lzo.h>
#endif /* CONFIG_LZO */

DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR;

#ifndef CONFIG_SYS_BOOTM_LEN
#define CONFIG_SYS_BOOTM_LEN	0x800000	/* use 8MByte as default max gunzip size */
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_BZIP2
extern void bz_internal_error(int);
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMI)
static int image_info(unsigned long addr);
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMLS)
#include <flash.h>
#include <mtd/cfi_flash.h>
extern flash_info_t flash_info[]; /* info for FLASH chips */
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMLS) || defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMLS_NAND)
static int do_imls(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[]);
#endif

#include <linux/err.h>
#include <nand.h>

#if defined(CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE) && !defined(CONFIG_SILENT_U_BOOT_ONLY)
static void fixup_silent_linux(void);
#endif

static image_header_t *image_get_kernel(ulong img_addr, int verify);
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
static int fit_check_kernel(const void *fit, int os_noffset, int verify);
#endif

static void *boot_get_kernel(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
				char * const argv[], bootm_headers_t *images,
				ulong *os_data, ulong *os_len);

/*
 *  Continue booting an OS image; caller already has:
 *  - copied image header to global variable `header'
 *  - checked header magic number, checksums (both header & image),
 *  - verified image architecture (PPC) and type (KERNEL or MULTI),
 *  - loaded (first part of) image to header load address,
 *  - disabled interrupts.
 */
typedef int boot_os_fn(int flag, int argc, char * const argv[],
			bootm_headers_t *images); /* pointers to os/initrd/fdt */

#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_LINUX
extern boot_os_fn do_bootm_linux;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_NETBSD
static boot_os_fn do_bootm_netbsd;
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_LYNXKDI)
static boot_os_fn do_bootm_lynxkdi;
extern void lynxkdi_boot(image_header_t *);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_RTEMS
static boot_os_fn do_bootm_rtems;
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_BOOTM_OSE)
static boot_os_fn do_bootm_ose;
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_BOOTM_PLAN9)
static boot_os_fn do_bootm_plan9;
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_ELF)
static boot_os_fn do_bootm_vxworks;
static boot_os_fn do_bootm_qnxelf;
int do_bootvx(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[]);
int do_bootelf(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[]);
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_INTEGRITY)
static boot_os_fn do_bootm_integrity;
#endif

static boot_os_fn *boot_os[] = {
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_LINUX
	[IH_OS_LINUX] = do_bootm_linux,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_NETBSD
	[IH_OS_NETBSD] = do_bootm_netbsd,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_LYNXKDI
	[IH_OS_LYNXOS] = do_bootm_lynxkdi,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_RTEMS
	[IH_OS_RTEMS] = do_bootm_rtems,
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_BOOTM_OSE)
	[IH_OS_OSE] = do_bootm_ose,
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_BOOTM_PLAN9)
	[IH_OS_PLAN9] = do_bootm_plan9,
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_ELF)
	[IH_OS_VXWORKS] = do_bootm_vxworks,
	[IH_OS_QNX] = do_bootm_qnxelf,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_INTEGRITY
	[IH_OS_INTEGRITY] = do_bootm_integrity,
#endif
};

bootm_headers_t images;		/* pointers to os/initrd/fdt images */

/* Allow for arch specific config before we boot */
static void __arch_preboot_os(void)
{
	/* please define platform specific arch_preboot_os() */
}
void arch_preboot_os(void) __attribute__((weak, alias("__arch_preboot_os")));

#define IH_INITRD_ARCH IH_ARCH_DEFAULT

#ifdef CONFIG_LMB
static void boot_start_lmb(bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	ulong		mem_start;
	phys_size_t	mem_size;

	lmb_init(&images->lmb);

	mem_start = getenv_bootm_low();
	mem_size = getenv_bootm_size();

	lmb_add(&images->lmb, (phys_addr_t)mem_start, mem_size);

	arch_lmb_reserve(&images->lmb);
	board_lmb_reserve(&images->lmb);
}
#else
#define lmb_reserve(lmb, base, size)
static inline void boot_start_lmb(bootm_headers_t *images) { }
#endif

static int bootm_start(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	void		*os_hdr;
	int		ret;

	memset((void *)&images, 0, sizeof(images));
	images.verify = getenv_yesno("verify");

	boot_start_lmb(&images);

	bootstage_mark_name(BOOTSTAGE_ID_BOOTM_START, "bootm_start");

	/* get kernel image header, start address and length */
	os_hdr = boot_get_kernel(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv,
			&images, &images.os.image_start, &images.os.image_len);
	if (images.os.image_len == 0) {
		puts("ERROR: can't get kernel image!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	/* get image parameters */
	switch (genimg_get_format(os_hdr)) {
	case IMAGE_FORMAT_LEGACY:
		images.os.type = image_get_type(os_hdr);
		images.os.comp = image_get_comp(os_hdr);
		images.os.os = image_get_os(os_hdr);

		images.os.end = image_get_image_end(os_hdr);
		images.os.load = image_get_load(os_hdr);
		break;
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	case IMAGE_FORMAT_FIT:
		if (fit_image_get_type(images.fit_hdr_os,
					images.fit_noffset_os, &images.os.type)) {
			puts("Can't get image type!\n");
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_TYPE);
			return 1;
		}

		if (fit_image_get_comp(images.fit_hdr_os,
					images.fit_noffset_os, &images.os.comp)) {
			puts("Can't get image compression!\n");
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_COMPRESSION);
			return 1;
		}

		if (fit_image_get_os(images.fit_hdr_os,
					images.fit_noffset_os, &images.os.os)) {
			puts("Can't get image OS!\n");
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_OS);
			return 1;
		}

		images.os.end = fit_get_end(images.fit_hdr_os);

		if (fit_image_get_load(images.fit_hdr_os, images.fit_noffset_os,
					&images.os.load)) {
			puts("Can't get image load address!\n");
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_LOADADDR);
			return 1;
		}
		break;
#endif
	default:
		puts("ERROR: unknown image format type!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	/* find kernel entry point */
	if (images.legacy_hdr_valid) {
		images.ep = image_get_ep(&images.legacy_hdr_os_copy);
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	} else if (images.fit_uname_os) {
		ret = fit_image_get_entry(images.fit_hdr_os,
				images.fit_noffset_os, &images.ep);
		if (ret) {
			puts("Can't get entry point property!\n");
			return 1;
		}
#endif
	} else {
		puts("Could not find kernel entry point!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	if (images.os.type == IH_TYPE_KERNEL_NOLOAD) {
		images.os.load = images.os.image_start;
		images.ep += images.os.load;
	}

	if (((images.os.type == IH_TYPE_KERNEL) ||
	     (images.os.type == IH_TYPE_KERNEL_NOLOAD) ||
	     (images.os.type == IH_TYPE_MULTI)) &&
	    (images.os.os == IH_OS_LINUX)) {
		/* find ramdisk */
		ret = boot_get_ramdisk(argc, argv, &images, IH_INITRD_ARCH,
				&images.rd_start, &images.rd_end);
		if (ret) {
			puts("Ramdisk image is corrupt or invalid\n");
			return 1;
		}

#if defined(CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT)
		/* find flattened device tree */
		ret = boot_get_fdt(flag, argc, argv, &images,
				   &images.ft_addr, &images.ft_len);
		if (ret) {
			puts("Could not find a valid device tree\n");
			return 1;
		}

		set_working_fdt_addr(images.ft_addr);
#endif
	}

	images.os.start = (ulong)os_hdr;
	images.state = BOOTM_STATE_START;

	return 0;
}

#define BOOTM_ERR_RESET		-1
#define BOOTM_ERR_OVERLAP	-2
#define BOOTM_ERR_UNIMPLEMENTED	-3
static int bootm_load_os(image_info_t os, ulong *load_end, int boot_progress)
{
	uint8_t comp = os.comp;
	ulong load = os.load;
	ulong blob_start = os.start;
	ulong blob_end = os.end;
	ulong image_start = os.image_start;
	ulong image_len = os.image_len;
	__maybe_unused uint unc_len = CONFIG_SYS_BOOTM_LEN;
	int no_overlap = 0;
#if defined(CONFIG_LZMA) || defined(CONFIG_LZO)
	int ret;
#endif /* defined(CONFIG_LZMA) || defined(CONFIG_LZO) */

	const char *type_name = genimg_get_type_name(os.type);

	switch (comp) {
	case IH_COMP_NONE:
		if (load == blob_start || load == image_start) {
			printf("   XIP %s ... ", type_name);
			no_overlap = 1;
		} else {
			printf("   Loading %s ... ", type_name);
			memmove_wd((void *)load, (void *)image_start,
					image_len, CHUNKSZ);
		}
		*load_end = load + image_len;
		puts("OK\n");
		break;
#ifdef CONFIG_GZIP
	case IH_COMP_GZIP:
		printf("   Uncompressing %s ... ", type_name);
		if (gunzip((void *)load, unc_len,
				(uchar *)image_start, &image_len) != 0) {
			puts("GUNZIP: uncompress, out-of-mem or overwrite "
				"error - must RESET board to recover\n");
			if (boot_progress)
				bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_DECOMP_IMAGE);
			return BOOTM_ERR_RESET;
		}

		*load_end = load + image_len;
		break;
#endif /* CONFIG_GZIP */
#ifdef CONFIG_BZIP2
	case IH_COMP_BZIP2:
		printf("   Uncompressing %s ... ", type_name);
		/*
		 * If we've got less than 4 MB of malloc() space,
		 * use slower decompression algorithm which requires
		 * at most 2300 KB of memory.
		 */
		int i = BZ2_bzBuffToBuffDecompress((char *)load,
					&unc_len, (char *)image_start, image_len,
					CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN < (4096 * 1024), 0);
		if (i != BZ_OK) {
			printf("BUNZIP2: uncompress or overwrite error %d "
				"- must RESET board to recover\n", i);
			if (boot_progress)
				bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_DECOMP_IMAGE);
			return BOOTM_ERR_RESET;
		}

		*load_end = load + unc_len;
		break;
#endif /* CONFIG_BZIP2 */
#ifdef CONFIG_LZMA
	case IH_COMP_LZMA: {
		SizeT lzma_len = unc_len;
		printf("   Uncompressing %s ... ", type_name);

		ret = lzmaBuffToBuffDecompress(
			(unsigned char *)load, &lzma_len,
			(unsigned char *)image_start, image_len);
		unc_len = lzma_len;
		if (ret != SZ_OK) {
			printf("LZMA: uncompress or overwrite error %d "
				"- must RESET board to recover\n", ret);
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_DECOMP_IMAGE);
			return BOOTM_ERR_RESET;
		}
		*load_end = load + unc_len;
		break;
	}
#endif /* CONFIG_LZMA */
#ifdef CONFIG_LZO
	case IH_COMP_LZO:
		printf("   Uncompressing %s ... ", type_name);

		ret = lzop_decompress((const unsigned char *)image_start,
					  image_len, (unsigned char *)load,
					  &unc_len);
		if (ret != LZO_E_OK) {
			printf("LZO: uncompress or overwrite error %d "
			      "- must RESET board to recover\n", ret);
			if (boot_progress)
				bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_DECOMP_IMAGE);
			return BOOTM_ERR_RESET;
		}

		*load_end = load + unc_len;
		break;
#endif /* CONFIG_LZO */
	default:
		printf("Unimplemented compression type %d\n", comp);
		return BOOTM_ERR_UNIMPLEMENTED;
	}

	flush_cache(load, (*load_end - load) * sizeof(ulong));

	puts("OK\n");
	debug("   kernel loaded at 0x%08lx, end = 0x%08lx\n", load, *load_end);
	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_KERNEL_LOADED);

	if (!no_overlap && (load < blob_end) && (*load_end > blob_start)) {
		debug("images.os.start = 0x%lX, images.os.end = 0x%lx\n",
			blob_start, blob_end);
		debug("images.os.load = 0x%lx, load_end = 0x%lx\n", load,
			*load_end);

		return BOOTM_ERR_OVERLAP;
	}

	return 0;
}

static int bootm_start_standalone(ulong iflag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	char  *s;
	int   (*appl)(int, char * const []);

	/* Don't start if "autostart" is set to "no" */
	if (((s = getenv("autostart")) != NULL) && (strcmp(s, "no") == 0)) {
		setenv_hex("filesize", images.os.image_len);
		return 0;
	}
	appl = (int (*)(int, char * const []))(ulong)ntohl(images.ep);
	(*appl)(argc-1, &argv[1]);
	return 0;
}

/* we overload the cmd field with our state machine info instead of a
 * function pointer */
static cmd_tbl_t cmd_bootm_sub[] = {
	U_BOOT_CMD_MKENT(start, 0, 1, (void *)BOOTM_STATE_START, "", ""),
	U_BOOT_CMD_MKENT(loados, 0, 1, (void *)BOOTM_STATE_LOADOS, "", ""),
#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_BOOT_RAMDISK_HIGH
	U_BOOT_CMD_MKENT(ramdisk, 0, 1, (void *)BOOTM_STATE_RAMDISK, "", ""),
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
	U_BOOT_CMD_MKENT(fdt, 0, 1, (void *)BOOTM_STATE_FDT, "", ""),
#endif
	U_BOOT_CMD_MKENT(cmdline, 0, 1, (void *)BOOTM_STATE_OS_CMDLINE, "", ""),
	U_BOOT_CMD_MKENT(bdt, 0, 1, (void *)BOOTM_STATE_OS_BD_T, "", ""),
	U_BOOT_CMD_MKENT(prep, 0, 1, (void *)BOOTM_STATE_OS_PREP, "", ""),
	U_BOOT_CMD_MKENT(go, 0, 1, (void *)BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO, "", ""),
};

static int do_bootm_subcommand(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
			char * const argv[])
{
	int ret = 0;
	long state;
	cmd_tbl_t *c;
	boot_os_fn *boot_fn;

	c = find_cmd_tbl(argv[1], &cmd_bootm_sub[0], ARRAY_SIZE(cmd_bootm_sub));

	if (c) {
		state = (long)c->cmd;

		/* treat start special since it resets the state machine */
		if (state == BOOTM_STATE_START) {
			argc--;
			argv++;
			return bootm_start(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv);
		}
	} else {
		/* Unrecognized command */
		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
	}

	if (images.state < BOOTM_STATE_START ||
	    images.state >= state) {
		printf("Trying to execute a command out of order\n");
		return CMD_RET_USAGE;
	}

	images.state |= state;
	boot_fn = boot_os[images.os.os];

	switch (state) {
		ulong load_end;
		case BOOTM_STATE_START:
			/* should never occur */
			break;
		case BOOTM_STATE_LOADOS:
			ret = bootm_load_os(images.os, &load_end, 0);
			if (ret)
				return ret;

			lmb_reserve(&images.lmb, images.os.load,
					(load_end - images.os.load));
			break;
#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_BOOT_RAMDISK_HIGH
		case BOOTM_STATE_RAMDISK:
		{
			ulong rd_len = images.rd_end - images.rd_start;

			ret = boot_ramdisk_high(&images.lmb, images.rd_start,
				rd_len, &images.initrd_start, &images.initrd_end);
			if (ret)
				return ret;

			setenv_hex("initrd_start", images.initrd_start);
			setenv_hex("initrd_end", images.initrd_end);
		}
			break;
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT) && defined(CONFIG_LMB)
		case BOOTM_STATE_FDT:
		{
			boot_fdt_add_mem_rsv_regions(&images.lmb,
						     images.ft_addr);
			ret = boot_relocate_fdt(&images.lmb,
				&images.ft_addr, &images.ft_len);
			break;
		}
#endif
		case BOOTM_STATE_OS_CMDLINE:
			ret = boot_fn(BOOTM_STATE_OS_CMDLINE, argc, argv, &images);
			if (ret)
				printf("cmdline subcommand not supported\n");
			break;
		case BOOTM_STATE_OS_BD_T:
			ret = boot_fn(BOOTM_STATE_OS_BD_T, argc, argv, &images);
			if (ret)
				printf("bdt subcommand not supported\n");
			break;
		case BOOTM_STATE_OS_PREP:
			ret = boot_fn(BOOTM_STATE_OS_PREP, argc, argv, &images);
			if (ret)
				printf("prep subcommand not supported\n");
			break;
		case BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO:
			disable_interrupts();
#ifdef CONFIG_NETCONSOLE
			/*
			 * Stop the ethernet stack if NetConsole could have
			 * left it up
			 */
			eth_halt();
#endif
			arch_preboot_os();
			boot_fn(BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO, argc, argv, &images);
			break;
	}

	return ret;
}

/*******************************************************************/
/* bootm - boot application image from image in memory */
/*******************************************************************/

int do_bootm(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	ulong		iflag;
	ulong		load_end = 0;
	int		ret;
	boot_os_fn	*boot_fn;
#ifdef CONFIG_NEEDS_MANUAL_RELOC
	static int relocated = 0;

	if (!relocated) {
		int i;

		/* relocate boot function table */
		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(boot_os); i++)
			if (boot_os[i] != NULL)
				boot_os[i] += gd->reloc_off;

		/* relocate names of sub-command table */
		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cmd_bootm_sub); i++)
			cmd_bootm_sub[i].name += gd->reloc_off;

		relocated = 1;
	}
#endif

	/* determine if we have a sub command */
	if (argc > 1) {
		char *endp;

		simple_strtoul(argv[1], &endp, 16);
		/* endp pointing to NULL means that argv[1] was just a
		 * valid number, pass it along to the normal bootm processing
		 *
		 * If endp is ':' or '#' assume a FIT identifier so pass
		 * along for normal processing.
		 *
		 * Right now we assume the first arg should never be '-'
		 */
		if ((*endp != 0) && (*endp != ':') && (*endp != '#'))
			return do_bootm_subcommand(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv);
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_SECURE_BOOT
	extern uint32_t authenticate_image(
			uint32_t ddr_start, uint32_t image_size);
	if (authenticate_image(load_addr,
		image_get_image_size((image_header_t *)load_addr)) == 0) {
		printf("Authenticate UImage Fail, Please check\n");
		return 1;
	}
#endif

	if (bootm_start(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv))
		return 1;

	/*
	 * We have reached the point of no return: we are going to
	 * overwrite all exception vector code, so we cannot easily
	 * recover from any failures any more...
	 */
	iflag = disable_interrupts();

#ifdef CONFIG_NETCONSOLE
	/* Stop the ethernet stack if NetConsole could have left it up */
	eth_halt();
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_USB)
	/*
	 * turn off USB to prevent the host controller from writing to the
	 * SDRAM while Linux is booting. This could happen (at least for OHCI
	 * controller), because the HCCA (Host Controller Communication Area)
	 * lies within the SDRAM and the host controller writes continously to
	 * this area (as busmaster!). The HccaFrameNumber is for example
	 * updated every 1 ms within the HCCA structure in SDRAM! For more
	 * details see the OpenHCI specification.
	 */
	usb_stop();
#endif

	ret = bootm_load_os(images.os, &load_end, 1);

	if (ret < 0) {
		if (ret == BOOTM_ERR_RESET)
			do_reset(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv);
		if (ret == BOOTM_ERR_OVERLAP) {
			if (images.legacy_hdr_valid) {
				image_header_t *hdr;
				hdr = &images.legacy_hdr_os_copy;
				if (image_get_type(hdr) == IH_TYPE_MULTI)
					puts("WARNING: legacy format multi "
						"component image "
						"overwritten\n");
			} else {
				puts("ERROR: new format image overwritten - "
					"must RESET the board to recover\n");
				bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_OVERWRITTEN);
				do_reset(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv);
			}
		}
		if (ret == BOOTM_ERR_UNIMPLEMENTED) {
			if (iflag)
				enable_interrupts();
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_DECOMP_UNIMPL);
			return 1;
		}
	}

	lmb_reserve(&images.lmb, images.os.load, (load_end - images.os.load));

	if (images.os.type == IH_TYPE_STANDALONE) {
		if (iflag)
			enable_interrupts();
		/* This may return when 'autostart' is 'no' */
		bootm_start_standalone(iflag, argc, argv);
		return 0;
	}

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_BOOT_OS);

#if defined(CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE) && !defined(CONFIG_SILENT_U_BOOT_ONLY)
	if (images.os.os == IH_OS_LINUX)
		fixup_silent_linux();
#endif

	boot_fn = boot_os[images.os.os];

	if (boot_fn == NULL) {
		if (iflag)
			enable_interrupts();
		printf("ERROR: booting os '%s' (%d) is not supported\n",
			genimg_get_os_name(images.os.os), images.os.os);
		bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_BOOT_OS);
		return 1;
	}

	arch_preboot_os();

	boot_fn(0, argc, argv, &images);

	bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_BOOT_OS_RETURNED);
#ifdef DEBUG
	puts("\n## Control returned to monitor - resetting...\n");
#endif
	do_reset(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv);

	return 1;
}

int bootm_maybe_autostart(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, const char *cmd)
{
	const char *ep = getenv("autostart");

	if (ep && !strcmp(ep, "yes")) {
		char *local_args[2];
		local_args[0] = (char *)cmd;
		local_args[1] = NULL;
		printf("Automatic boot of image at addr 0x%08lX ...\n", load_addr);
		return do_bootm(cmdtp, 0, 1, local_args);
	}

	return 0;
}

/**
 * image_get_kernel - verify legacy format kernel image
 * @img_addr: in RAM address of the legacy format image to be verified
 * @verify: data CRC verification flag
 *
 * image_get_kernel() verifies legacy image integrity and returns pointer to
 * legacy image header if image verification was completed successfully.
 *
 * returns:
 *     pointer to a legacy image header if valid image was found
 *     otherwise return NULL
 */
static image_header_t *image_get_kernel(ulong img_addr, int verify)
{
	image_header_t *hdr = (image_header_t *)img_addr;

	if (!image_check_magic(hdr)) {
		puts("Bad Magic Number\n");
		bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_MAGIC);
		return NULL;
	}
	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_HEADER);

	if (!image_check_hcrc(hdr)) {
		puts("Bad Header Checksum\n");
		bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_HEADER);
		return NULL;
	}

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_CHECKSUM);
	image_print_contents(hdr);

	if (verify) {
		puts("   Verifying Checksum ... ");
		if (!image_check_dcrc(hdr)) {
			printf("Bad Data CRC\n");
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_CHECKSUM);
			return NULL;
		}
		puts("OK\n");
	}
	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_ARCH);

	if (!image_check_target_arch(hdr)) {
		printf("Unsupported Architecture 0x%x\n", image_get_arch(hdr));
		bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_ARCH);
		return NULL;
	}
	return hdr;
}

/**
 * fit_check_kernel - verify FIT format kernel subimage
 * @fit_hdr: pointer to the FIT image header
 * os_noffset: kernel subimage node offset within FIT image
 * @verify: data CRC verification flag
 *
 * fit_check_kernel() verifies integrity of the kernel subimage and from
 * specified FIT image.
 *
 * returns:
 *     1, on success
 *     0, on failure
 */
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
static int fit_check_kernel(const void *fit, int os_noffset, int verify)
{
	fit_image_print(fit, os_noffset, "   ");

	if (verify) {
		puts("   Verifying Hash Integrity ... ");
		if (!fit_image_check_hashes(fit, os_noffset)) {
			puts("Bad Data Hash\n");
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_CHECK_HASH);
			return 0;
		}
		puts("OK\n");
	}
	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_CHECK_ARCH);

	if (!fit_image_check_target_arch(fit, os_noffset)) {
		puts("Unsupported Architecture\n");
		bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_CHECK_ARCH);
		return 0;
	}

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_CHECK_KERNEL);
	if (!fit_image_check_type(fit, os_noffset, IH_TYPE_KERNEL) &&
	    !fit_image_check_type(fit, os_noffset, IH_TYPE_KERNEL_NOLOAD)) {
		puts("Not a kernel image\n");
		bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_CHECK_KERNEL);
		return 0;
	}

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_CHECKED);
	return 1;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_FIT */

/**
 * boot_get_kernel - find kernel image
 * @os_data: pointer to a ulong variable, will hold os data start address
 * @os_len: pointer to a ulong variable, will hold os data length
 *
 * boot_get_kernel() tries to find a kernel image, verifies its integrity
 * and locates kernel data.
 *
 * returns:
 *     pointer to image header if valid image was found, plus kernel start
 *     address and length, otherwise NULL
 */
static void *boot_get_kernel(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
		char * const argv[], bootm_headers_t *images, ulong *os_data,
		ulong *os_len)
{
	image_header_t	*hdr;
	ulong		img_addr;
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	void		*fit_hdr;
	const char	*fit_uname_config = NULL;
	const char	*fit_uname_kernel = NULL;
	const void	*data;
	size_t		len;
	int		cfg_noffset;
	int		os_noffset;
#endif

	/* find out kernel image address */
	if (argc < 2) {
		img_addr = load_addr;
		debug("*  kernel: default image load address = 0x%08lx\n",
				load_addr);
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	} else if (fit_parse_conf(argv[1], load_addr, &img_addr,
							&fit_uname_config)) {
		debug("*  kernel: config '%s' from image at 0x%08lx\n",
				fit_uname_config, img_addr);
	} else if (fit_parse_subimage(argv[1], load_addr, &img_addr,
							&fit_uname_kernel)) {
		debug("*  kernel: subimage '%s' from image at 0x%08lx\n",
				fit_uname_kernel, img_addr);
#endif
	} else {
		img_addr = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
		debug("*  kernel: cmdline image address = 0x%08lx\n", img_addr);
	}

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_MAGIC);

	/* copy from dataflash if needed */
	img_addr = genimg_get_image(img_addr);

	/* check image type, for FIT images get FIT kernel node */
	*os_data = *os_len = 0;
	switch (genimg_get_format((void *)img_addr)) {
	case IMAGE_FORMAT_LEGACY:
		printf("## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at %08lx ...\n",
				img_addr);
		hdr = image_get_kernel(img_addr, images->verify);
		if (!hdr)
			return NULL;
		bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_IMAGETYPE);

		/* get os_data and os_len */
		switch (image_get_type(hdr)) {
		case IH_TYPE_KERNEL:
		case IH_TYPE_KERNEL_NOLOAD:
			*os_data = image_get_data(hdr);
			*os_len = image_get_data_size(hdr);
			break;
		case IH_TYPE_MULTI:
			image_multi_getimg(hdr, 0, os_data, os_len);
			break;
		case IH_TYPE_STANDALONE:
			*os_data = image_get_data(hdr);
			*os_len = image_get_data_size(hdr);
			break;
		default:
			printf("Wrong Image Type for %s command\n",
				cmdtp->name);
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_CHECK_IMAGETYPE);
			return NULL;
		}

		/*
		 * copy image header to allow for image overwrites during
		 * kernel decompression.
		 */
		memmove(&images->legacy_hdr_os_copy, hdr,
			sizeof(image_header_t));

		/* save pointer to image header */
		images->legacy_hdr_os = hdr;

		images->legacy_hdr_valid = 1;
		bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_DECOMP_IMAGE);
		break;
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	case IMAGE_FORMAT_FIT:
		fit_hdr = (void *)img_addr;
		printf("## Booting kernel from FIT Image at %08lx ...\n",
				img_addr);

		if (!fit_check_format(fit_hdr)) {
			puts("Bad FIT kernel image format!\n");
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_FORMAT);
			return NULL;
		}
		bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_FORMAT);

		if (!fit_uname_kernel) {
			/*
			 * no kernel image node unit name, try to get config
			 * node first. If config unit node name is NULL
			 * fit_conf_get_node() will try to find default config
			 * node
			 */
			bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_NO_UNIT_NAME);
#ifdef CONFIG_FIT_BEST_MATCH
			if (fit_uname_config)
				cfg_noffset =
					fit_conf_get_node(fit_hdr,
							  fit_uname_config);
			else
				cfg_noffset =
					fit_conf_find_compat(fit_hdr,
							     gd->fdt_blob);
#else
			cfg_noffset = fit_conf_get_node(fit_hdr,
							fit_uname_config);
#endif
			if (cfg_noffset < 0) {
				bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_NO_UNIT_NAME);
				return NULL;
			}
			/* save configuration uname provided in the first
			 * bootm argument
			 */
			images->fit_uname_cfg = fdt_get_name(fit_hdr,
								cfg_noffset,
								NULL);
			printf("   Using '%s' configuration\n",
				images->fit_uname_cfg);
			bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_CONFIG);

			os_noffset = fit_conf_get_kernel_node(fit_hdr,
								cfg_noffset);
			fit_uname_kernel = fit_get_name(fit_hdr, os_noffset,
							NULL);
		} else {
			/* get kernel component image node offset */
			bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_UNIT_NAME);
			os_noffset = fit_image_get_node(fit_hdr,
							fit_uname_kernel);
		}
		if (os_noffset < 0) {
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_CONFIG);
			return NULL;
		}

		printf("   Trying '%s' kernel subimage\n", fit_uname_kernel);

		bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_CHECK_SUBIMAGE);
		if (!fit_check_kernel(fit_hdr, os_noffset, images->verify))
			return NULL;

		/* get kernel image data address and length */
		if (fit_image_get_data(fit_hdr, os_noffset, &data, &len)) {
			puts("Could not find kernel subimage data!\n");
			bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_KERNEL_INFO_ERR);
			return NULL;
		}
		bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_KERNEL_INFO);

		*os_len = len;
		*os_data = (ulong)data;
		images->fit_hdr_os = fit_hdr;
		images->fit_uname_os = fit_uname_kernel;
		images->fit_noffset_os = os_noffset;
		break;
#endif
	default:
		printf("Wrong Image Format for %s command\n", cmdtp->name);
		bootstage_error(BOOTSTAGE_ID_FIT_KERNEL_INFO);
		return NULL;
	}

	debug("   kernel data at 0x%08lx, len = 0x%08lx (%ld)\n",
			*os_data, *os_len, *os_len);

	return (void *)img_addr;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_LONGHELP
static char bootm_help_text[] =
	"[addr [arg ...]]\n    - boot application image stored in memory\n"
	"\tpassing arguments 'arg ...'; when booting a Linux kernel,\n"
	"\t'arg' can be the address of an initrd image\n"
#if defined(CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT)
	"\tWhen booting a Linux kernel which requires a flat device-tree\n"
	"\ta third argument is required which is the address of the\n"
	"\tdevice-tree blob. To boot that kernel without an initrd image,\n"
	"\tuse a '-' for the second argument. If you do not pass a third\n"
	"\ta bd_info struct will be passed instead\n"
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	"\t\nFor the new multi component uImage format (FIT) addresses\n"
	"\tmust be extened to include component or configuration unit name:\n"
	"\taddr:<subimg_uname> - direct component image specification\n"
	"\taddr#<conf_uname>   - configuration specification\n"
	"\tUse iminfo command to get the list of existing component\n"
	"\timages and configurations.\n"
#endif
	"\nSub-commands to do part of the bootm sequence.  The sub-commands "
	"must be\n"
	"issued in the order below (it's ok to not issue all sub-commands):\n"
	"\tstart [addr [arg ...]]\n"
	"\tloados  - load OS image\n"
#if defined(CONFIG_SYS_BOOT_RAMDISK_HIGH)
	"\tramdisk - relocate initrd, set env initrd_start/initrd_end\n"
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT)
	"\tfdt     - relocate flat device tree\n"
#endif
	"\tcmdline - OS specific command line processing/setup\n"
	"\tbdt     - OS specific bd_t processing\n"
	"\tprep    - OS specific prep before relocation or go\n"
	"\tgo      - start OS";
#endif

U_BOOT_CMD(
	bootm,	CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS,	1,	do_bootm,
	"boot application image from memory", bootm_help_text
);

/*******************************************************************/
/* bootd - boot default image */
/*******************************************************************/
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_BOOTD)
int do_bootd(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	int rcode = 0;

	if (run_command(getenv("bootcmd"), flag) < 0)
		rcode = 1;
	return rcode;
}

U_BOOT_CMD(
	boot,	1,	1,	do_bootd,
	"boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'",
	""
);

/* keep old command name "bootd" for backward compatibility */
U_BOOT_CMD(
	bootd, 1,	1,	do_bootd,
	"boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'",
	""
);

#endif


/*******************************************************************/
/* iminfo - print header info for a requested image */
/*******************************************************************/
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMI)
static int do_iminfo(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	int	arg;
	ulong	addr;
	int	rcode = 0;

	if (argc < 2) {
		return image_info(load_addr);
	}

	for (arg = 1; arg < argc; ++arg) {
		addr = simple_strtoul(argv[arg], NULL, 16);
		if (image_info(addr) != 0)
			rcode = 1;
	}
	return rcode;
}

static int image_info(ulong addr)
{
	void *hdr = (void *)addr;

	printf("\n## Checking Image at %08lx ...\n", addr);

	switch (genimg_get_format(hdr)) {
	case IMAGE_FORMAT_LEGACY:
		puts("   Legacy image found\n");
		if (!image_check_magic(hdr)) {
			puts("   Bad Magic Number\n");
			return 1;
		}

		if (!image_check_hcrc(hdr)) {
			puts("   Bad Header Checksum\n");
			return 1;
		}

		image_print_contents(hdr);

		puts("   Verifying Checksum ... ");
		if (!image_check_dcrc(hdr)) {
			puts("   Bad Data CRC\n");
			return 1;
		}
		puts("OK\n");
		return 0;
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	case IMAGE_FORMAT_FIT:
		puts("   FIT image found\n");

		if (!fit_check_format(hdr)) {
			puts("Bad FIT image format!\n");
			return 1;
		}

		fit_print_contents(hdr);

		if (!fit_all_image_check_hashes(hdr)) {
			puts("Bad hash in FIT image!\n");
			return 1;
		}

		return 0;
#endif
	default:
		puts("Unknown image format!\n");
		break;
	}

	return 1;
}

U_BOOT_CMD(
	iminfo,	CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS,	1,	do_iminfo,
	"print header information for application image",
	"addr [addr ...]\n"
	"    - print header information for application image starting at\n"
	"      address 'addr' in memory; this includes verification of the\n"
	"      image contents (magic number, header and payload checksums)"
);
#endif


/*******************************************************************/
/* imls - list all images found in flash */
/*******************************************************************/
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMLS)
static int do_imls_nor(void)
{
	flash_info_t *info;
	int i, j;
	void *hdr;

	for (i = 0, info = &flash_info[0];
		i < CONFIG_SYS_MAX_FLASH_BANKS; ++i, ++info) {

		if (info->flash_id == FLASH_UNKNOWN)
			goto next_bank;
		for (j = 0; j < info->sector_count; ++j) {

			hdr = (void *)info->start[j];
			if (!hdr)
				goto next_sector;

			switch (genimg_get_format(hdr)) {
			case IMAGE_FORMAT_LEGACY:
				if (!image_check_hcrc(hdr))
					goto next_sector;

				printf("Legacy Image at %08lX:\n", (ulong)hdr);
				image_print_contents(hdr);

				puts("   Verifying Checksum ... ");
				if (!image_check_dcrc(hdr)) {
					puts("Bad Data CRC\n");
				} else {
					puts("OK\n");
				}
				break;
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
			case IMAGE_FORMAT_FIT:
				if (!fit_check_format(hdr))
					goto next_sector;

				printf("FIT Image at %08lX:\n", (ulong)hdr);
				fit_print_contents(hdr);
				break;
#endif
			default:
				goto next_sector;
			}

next_sector:		;
		}
next_bank:	;
	}
	return 0;
}
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMLS_NAND)
static int nand_imls_legacyimage(nand_info_t *nand, int nand_dev, loff_t off,
		size_t len)
{
	void *imgdata;
	int ret;

	imgdata = malloc(len);
	if (!imgdata) {
		printf("May be a Legacy Image at NAND device %d offset %08llX:\n",
				nand_dev, off);
		printf("   Low memory(cannot allocate memory for image)\n");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	ret = nand_read_skip_bad(nand, off, &len,
			imgdata);
	if (ret < 0 && ret != -EUCLEAN) {
		free(imgdata);
		return ret;
	}

	if (!image_check_hcrc(imgdata)) {
		free(imgdata);
		return 0;
	}

	printf("Legacy Image at NAND device %d offset %08llX:\n",
			nand_dev, off);
	image_print_contents(imgdata);

	puts("   Verifying Checksum ... ");
	if (!image_check_dcrc(imgdata))
		puts("Bad Data CRC\n");
	else
		puts("OK\n");

	free(imgdata);

	return 0;
}

static int nand_imls_fitimage(nand_info_t *nand, int nand_dev, loff_t off,
		size_t len)
{
	void *imgdata;
	int ret;

	imgdata = malloc(len);
	if (!imgdata) {
		printf("May be a FIT Image at NAND device %d offset %08llX:\n",
				nand_dev, off);
		printf("   Low memory(cannot allocate memory for image)\n");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	ret = nand_read_skip_bad(nand, off, &len,
			imgdata);
	if (ret < 0 && ret != -EUCLEAN) {
		free(imgdata);
		return ret;
	}

	if (!fit_check_format(imgdata)) {
		free(imgdata);
		return 0;
	}

	printf("FIT Image at NAND device %d offset %08llX:\n", nand_dev, off);

	fit_print_contents(imgdata);
	free(imgdata);

	return 0;
}

static int do_imls_nand(void)
{
	nand_info_t *nand;
	int nand_dev = nand_curr_device;
	size_t len;
	loff_t off;
	u32 buffer[16];

	if (nand_dev < 0 || nand_dev >= CONFIG_SYS_MAX_NAND_DEVICE) {
		puts("\nNo NAND devices available\n");
		return -ENODEV;
	}

	printf("\n");

	for (nand_dev = 0; nand_dev < CONFIG_SYS_MAX_NAND_DEVICE; nand_dev++) {
		nand = &nand_info[nand_dev];
		if (!nand->name || !nand->size)
			continue;

		for (off = 0; off < nand->size; off += nand->erasesize) {
			const image_header_t *header;
			int ret;

			if (nand_block_isbad(nand, off))
				continue;

			len = sizeof(buffer);

			ret = nand_read(nand, off, &len, (u8 *)buffer);
			if (ret < 0 && ret != -EUCLEAN) {
				printf("NAND read error %d at offset %08llX\n",
						ret, off);
				continue;
			}

			switch (genimg_get_format(buffer)) {
			case IMAGE_FORMAT_LEGACY:
				header = (const image_header_t *)buffer;

				len = image_get_image_size(header);
				nand_imls_legacyimage(nand, nand_dev, off, len);
				break;
#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
			case IMAGE_FORMAT_FIT:
				len = fit_get_size(buffer);
				nand_imls_fitimage(nand, nand_dev, off, len);
				break;
#endif
			}
		}
	}

	return 0;
}
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMLS) || defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMLS_NAND)
static int do_imls(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	int ret_nor = 0, ret_nand = 0;

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMLS)
	ret_nor = do_imls_nor();
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_IMLS_NAND)
	ret_nand = do_imls_nand();
#endif

	if (ret_nor)
		return ret_nor;

	if (ret_nand)
		return ret_nand;

	return (0);
}

U_BOOT_CMD(
	imls,	1,		1,	do_imls,
	"list all images found in flash",
	"\n"
	"    - Prints information about all images found at sector/block\n"
	"      boundaries in nor/nand flash."
);
#endif

/*******************************************************************/
/* helper routines */
/*******************************************************************/
#if defined(CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE) && !defined(CONFIG_SILENT_U_BOOT_ONLY)
static void fixup_silent_linux(void)
{
	char buf[256], *start, *end;
	char *cmdline = getenv("bootargs");

	/* Only fix cmdline when requested */
	if (!(gd->flags & GD_FLG_SILENT))
		return;

	debug("before silent fix-up: %s\n", cmdline);
	if (cmdline) {
		start = strstr(cmdline, "console=");
		if (start) {
			end = strchr(start, ' ');
			strncpy(buf, cmdline, (start - cmdline + 8));
			if (end)
				strcpy(buf + (start - cmdline + 8), end);
			else
				buf[start - cmdline + 8] = '\0';
		} else {
			strcpy(buf, cmdline);
			strcat(buf, " console=");
		}
	} else {
		strcpy(buf, "console=");
	}

	setenv("bootargs", buf);
	debug("after silent fix-up: %s\n", buf);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE */


/*******************************************************************/
/* OS booting routines */
/*******************************************************************/

#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_NETBSD
static int do_bootm_netbsd(int flag, int argc, char * const argv[],
			    bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	void (*loader)(bd_t *, image_header_t *, char *, char *);
	image_header_t *os_hdr, *hdr;
	ulong kernel_data, kernel_len;
	char *consdev;
	char *cmdline;

	if ((flag != 0) && (flag != BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO))
		return 1;

#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	if (!images->legacy_hdr_valid) {
		fit_unsupported_reset("NetBSD");
		return 1;
	}
#endif
	hdr = images->legacy_hdr_os;

	/*
	 * Booting a (NetBSD) kernel image
	 *
	 * This process is pretty similar to a standalone application:
	 * The (first part of an multi-) image must be a stage-2 loader,
	 * which in turn is responsible for loading & invoking the actual
	 * kernel.  The only differences are the parameters being passed:
	 * besides the board info strucure, the loader expects a command
	 * line, the name of the console device, and (optionally) the
	 * address of the original image header.
	 */
	os_hdr = NULL;
	if (image_check_type(&images->legacy_hdr_os_copy, IH_TYPE_MULTI)) {
		image_multi_getimg(hdr, 1, &kernel_data, &kernel_len);
		if (kernel_len)
			os_hdr = hdr;
	}

	consdev = "";
#if   defined(CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC1)
	consdev = "smc1";
#elif defined(CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SMC2)
	consdev = "smc2";
#elif defined(CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SCC2)
	consdev = "scc2";
#elif defined(CONFIG_8xx_CONS_SCC3)
	consdev = "scc3";
#endif

	if (argc > 2) {
		ulong len;
		int   i;

		for (i = 2, len = 0; i < argc; i += 1)
			len += strlen(argv[i]) + 1;
		cmdline = malloc(len);

		for (i = 2, len = 0; i < argc; i += 1) {
			if (i > 2)
				cmdline[len++] = ' ';
			strcpy(&cmdline[len], argv[i]);
			len += strlen(argv[i]);
		}
	} else if ((cmdline = getenv("bootargs")) == NULL) {
		cmdline = "";
	}

	loader = (void (*)(bd_t *, image_header_t *, char *, char *))images->ep;

	printf("## Transferring control to NetBSD stage-2 loader "
		"(at address %08lx) ...\n",
		(ulong)loader);

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_RUN_OS);

	/*
	 * NetBSD Stage-2 Loader Parameters:
	 *   r3: ptr to board info data
	 *   r4: image address
	 *   r5: console device
	 *   r6: boot args string
	 */
	(*loader)(gd->bd, os_hdr, consdev, cmdline);

	return 1;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BOOTM_NETBSD*/

#ifdef CONFIG_LYNXKDI
static int do_bootm_lynxkdi(int flag, int argc, char * const argv[],
			     bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	image_header_t *hdr = &images->legacy_hdr_os_copy;

	if ((flag != 0) && (flag != BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO))
		return 1;

#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	if (!images->legacy_hdr_valid) {
		fit_unsupported_reset("Lynx");
		return 1;
	}
#endif

	lynxkdi_boot((image_header_t *)hdr);

	return 1;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_LYNXKDI */

#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_RTEMS
static int do_bootm_rtems(int flag, int argc, char * const argv[],
			   bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	void (*entry_point)(bd_t *);

	if ((flag != 0) && (flag != BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO))
		return 1;

#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	if (!images->legacy_hdr_valid) {
		fit_unsupported_reset("RTEMS");
		return 1;
	}
#endif

	entry_point = (void (*)(bd_t *))images->ep;

	printf("## Transferring control to RTEMS (at address %08lx) ...\n",
		(ulong)entry_point);

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_RUN_OS);

	/*
	 * RTEMS Parameters:
	 *   r3: ptr to board info data
	 */
	(*entry_point)(gd->bd);

	return 1;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BOOTM_RTEMS */

#if defined(CONFIG_BOOTM_OSE)
static int do_bootm_ose(int flag, int argc, char * const argv[],
			   bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	void (*entry_point)(void);

	if ((flag != 0) && (flag != BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO))
		return 1;

#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	if (!images->legacy_hdr_valid) {
		fit_unsupported_reset("OSE");
		return 1;
	}
#endif

	entry_point = (void (*)(void))images->ep;

	printf("## Transferring control to OSE (at address %08lx) ...\n",
		(ulong)entry_point);

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_RUN_OS);

	/*
	 * OSE Parameters:
	 *   None
	 */
	(*entry_point)();

	return 1;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BOOTM_OSE */

#if defined(CONFIG_BOOTM_PLAN9)
static int do_bootm_plan9(int flag, int argc, char * const argv[],
			   bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	void (*entry_point)(void);

	if ((flag != 0) && (flag != BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO))
		return 1;

#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	if (!images->legacy_hdr_valid) {
		fit_unsupported_reset("Plan 9");
		return 1;
	}
#endif

	entry_point = (void (*)(void))images->ep;

	printf("## Transferring control to Plan 9 (at address %08lx) ...\n",
		(ulong)entry_point);

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_RUN_OS);

	/*
	 * Plan 9 Parameters:
	 *   None
	 */
	(*entry_point)();

	return 1;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BOOTM_PLAN9 */

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_ELF)
static int do_bootm_vxworks(int flag, int argc, char * const argv[],
			     bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	char str[80];

	if ((flag != 0) && (flag != BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO))
		return 1;

#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	if (!images->legacy_hdr_valid) {
		fit_unsupported_reset("VxWorks");
		return 1;
	}
#endif

	sprintf(str, "%lx", images->ep); /* write entry-point into string */
	setenv("loadaddr", str);
	do_bootvx(NULL, 0, 0, NULL);

	return 1;
}

static int do_bootm_qnxelf(int flag, int argc, char * const argv[],
			    bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	char *local_args[2];
	char str[16];

	if ((flag != 0) && (flag != BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO))
		return 1;

#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	if (!images->legacy_hdr_valid) {
		fit_unsupported_reset("QNX");
		return 1;
	}
#endif

	sprintf(str, "%lx", images->ep); /* write entry-point into string */
	local_args[0] = argv[0];
	local_args[1] = str;	/* and provide it via the arguments */
	do_bootelf(NULL, 0, 2, local_args);

	return 1;
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_INTEGRITY
static int do_bootm_integrity(int flag, int argc, char * const argv[],
			   bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	void (*entry_point)(void);

	if ((flag != 0) && (flag != BOOTM_STATE_OS_GO))
		return 1;

#if defined(CONFIG_FIT)
	if (!images->legacy_hdr_valid) {
		fit_unsupported_reset("INTEGRITY");
		return 1;
	}
#endif

	entry_point = (void (*)(void))images->ep;

	printf("## Transferring control to INTEGRITY (at address %08lx) ...\n",
		(ulong)entry_point);

	bootstage_mark(BOOTSTAGE_ID_RUN_OS);

	/*
	 * INTEGRITY Parameters:
	 *   None
	 */
	(*entry_point)();

	return 1;
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_BOOTZ

static int __bootz_setup(void *image, void **start, void **end)
{
	/* Please define bootz_setup() for your platform */

	puts("Your platform's zImage format isn't supported yet!\n");
	return -1;
}
int bootz_setup(void *image, void **start, void **end)
	__attribute__((weak, alias("__bootz_setup")));

/*
 * zImage booting support
 */
static int bootz_start(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc,
			char * const argv[], bootm_headers_t *images)
{
	int ret;
	void *zi_start, *zi_end;

	memset(images, 0, sizeof(bootm_headers_t));

	boot_start_lmb(images);

	/* Setup Linux kernel zImage entry point */
	if (argc < 2) {
		images->ep = load_addr;
		debug("*  kernel: default image load address = 0x%08lx\n",
				load_addr);
	} else {
		images->ep = simple_strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 16);
		debug("*  kernel: cmdline image address = 0x%08lx\n",
			images->ep);
	}

	ret = bootz_setup((void *)images->ep, &zi_start, &zi_end);
	if (ret != 0)
		return 1;

	lmb_reserve(&images->lmb, images->ep, zi_end - zi_start);

	/* Find ramdisk */
	ret = boot_get_ramdisk(argc, argv, images, IH_INITRD_ARCH,
			&images->rd_start, &images->rd_end);
	if (ret) {
		puts("Ramdisk image is corrupt or invalid\n");
		return 1;
	}

#if defined(CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT)
	/* find flattened device tree */
	ret = boot_get_fdt(flag, argc, argv, images,
			   &images->ft_addr, &images->ft_len);
	if (ret) {
		puts("Could not find a valid device tree\n");
		return 1;
	}

	set_working_fdt_addr(images->ft_addr);
#endif

	return 0;
}

static int do_bootz(cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	bootm_headers_t	images;

	if (bootz_start(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv, &images))
		return 1;

	/*
	 * We have reached the point of no return: we are going to
	 * overwrite all exception vector code, so we cannot easily
	 * recover from any failures any more...
	 */
	disable_interrupts();

#ifdef CONFIG_NETCONSOLE
	/* Stop the ethernet stack if NetConsole could have left it up */
	eth_halt();
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_USB)
	/*
	 * turn off USB to prevent the host controller from writing to the
	 * SDRAM while Linux is booting. This could happen (at least for OHCI
	 * controller), because the HCCA (Host Controller Communication Area)
	 * lies within the SDRAM and the host controller writes continously to
	 * this area (as busmaster!). The HccaFrameNumber is for example
	 * updated every 1 ms within the HCCA structure in SDRAM! For more
	 * details see the OpenHCI specification.
	 */
	usb_stop();
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_SILENT_CONSOLE) && !defined(CONFIG_SILENT_U_BOOT_ONLY)
	fixup_silent_linux();
#endif
	arch_preboot_os();

	do_bootm_linux(0, argc, argv, &images);
#ifdef DEBUG
	puts("\n## Control returned to monitor - resetting...\n");
#endif
	do_reset(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv);

	return 1;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_LONGHELP
static char bootz_help_text[] =
	"[addr [initrd[:size]] [fdt]]\n"
	"    - boot Linux zImage stored in memory\n"
	"\tThe argument 'initrd' is optional and specifies the address\n"
	"\tof the initrd in memory. The optional argument ':size' allows\n"
	"\tspecifying the size of RAW initrd.\n"
#if defined(CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT)
	"\tWhen booting a Linux kernel which requires a flat device-tree\n"
	"\ta third argument is required which is the address of the\n"
	"\tdevice-tree blob. To boot that kernel without an initrd image,\n"
	"\tuse a '-' for the second argument. If you do not pass a third\n"
	"\ta bd_info struct will be passed instead\n"
#endif
	"";
#endif

U_BOOT_CMD(
	bootz,	CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS,	1,	do_bootz,
	"boot Linux zImage image from memory", bootz_help_text
);
#endif	/* CONFIG_CMD_BOOTZ */