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* Merge branch 'sf' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-blackfinWolfgang Denk2012-09-01-13/+40
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * 'sf' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-blackfin: sf: spansion: Add support for S25FL256S sf: winbond: fix page_size sf: stmicro: add support for N25Q128A sf: stmicro: add support N25Q128 parts sf: stmicro: support JEDEC standard two-byte signature sf: winbond: add W25Q32 cmd_spi: remove superfluous semicolon Signed-off-by: Wolfgang Denk <wd@denx.de>
| * sf: spansion: Add support for S25FL256SMichal Simek2012-08-14-0/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add support for Spansion S25FL256S SPI flash. Signed-off-by: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
| * sf: winbond: fix page_sizeStephen Warren2012-08-14-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit a4ed3b6 "sf: inline data constants" modified winbond.c's page_size from 256 to 4096. This prevents either/both of "sf write" writing the correct data, or "sf read" from reading the correct data back. This allows U-Boot running on Compulab Tegra to upgrade itself. Signed-off-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
| * sf: stmicro: add support for N25Q128AMichal Simek2012-08-10-0/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add support for Numonyx N25Q128A SPI flash. Signed-off-by: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
| * sf: stmicro: add support N25Q128 partsStephan Linz2012-08-09-0/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Adds support for Numonyx's N25Q128 SPI flash. These devices are used on (among others) Avnet Spartan-6 LX9 micro-evaluation boards. Tested with "sf" commands and CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_SPI_FLASH. Signed-off-by: Stephan Linz <linz@li-pro.net> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
| * sf: stmicro: support JEDEC standard two-byte signatureStephan Linz2012-08-09-12/+15
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There are more than the M25Pxx serial flashs that can be used with the stmicro driver, for example: the M25PXxx or N25Qxx serie. All these chips have burned in the original stmicro manufacture id 0x20 together with a standard two-byte signature. In preperation to support all these chips the stmicro driver have to decode the full two-byte signature. Signed-off-by: Stephan Linz <linz@li-pro.net> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
| * sf: winbond: add W25Q32Rajeshwari Shinde2012-08-09-0/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | SMDK EVT1 has a different Winbond part, added its part details to the SPI flash table. Signed-off-by: Abhilash Kesavan <a.kesavan@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Rajeshwari Shinde <rajeshwari.s@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* | mtd/cfi_flash: fix write problems for Numonyx P33/30 32 MBit flashsHolger Brunck2012-08-13-22/+43
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | commit 54652991 Work around bug in Numonyx P33/P30 256-Mbit 65nm flash chips fixes a problem for Numonyx P33/P30 flashes for 256-Mbit, but this leads to problems for smaller versions of this chip e.g. the 32Mbit version with deviceid 0x16 on mgcoge. So move the code for this work around to an own function and check previously manufacturer id and device id to not break other flashes which don't need this work around. Signed-off-by: Holger Brunck <holger.brunck@keymile.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Schocher <hs@denx.de> cc: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de> cc: Philippe De Muyter <phdm@macqel.be> cc: Gerlando Falauto <gerlando.falauto@keymile.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* | cfi_flash: add support for Spansion flash PPB sector protectionAnatolij Gustschin2012-08-13-0/+52
|/ | | | | | | | | | Erasing flash sectors protected with persistent protection bit (PPB) mechanism on Spansion flash chips doesn't work. Add sector protection status checking and sector lock and unlock commands to fix this. Signed-off-by: Anatolij Gustschin <agust@denx.de> Cc: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* sf: stmicro: add geometrical info for N25Q256 from MicronJérôme Carretero2012-04-08-0/+6
| | | | | | | | Note: because 4-byte addressing is not supported yet, at the moment only the first 16MiB of the device are available. Signed-off-by: Jérôme Carretero <cJ@zougloub.eu> Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* sf: unify status register writing (and thus block unlocking)Mike Frysinger2012-03-04-62/+32
| | | | | | | | The only two drivers to write the status register do it in the same way, so unify the implementations. This also makes the block unlock logic the same. Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* sf: sst: inline duplicate write enable helper funcsMike Frysinger2012-03-04-22/+4
| | | | | | | The local sst enable/disable write funcs don't really add anything over the common API, so just inline the common calls directly. Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* sf: eon: drop duplicate idMike Frysinger2012-03-04-5/+0
| | | | | | Looks like Shaohui Xie's patch got merged twice. Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* sf: unify erase commandsMike Frysinger2012-03-04-71/+18
| | | | | | | | Analysis of the flash drivers shows that they all use 0x20 if the erase size is 4KiB, or 0xd8 if it's larger. So with this info in hand, we can unify all the erase functionality in one place. Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* sf: inline data constantsMike Frysinger2012-03-04-105/+12
| | | | | | | | | I imagine much of these constants are due to copy & pasting previous drivers rather than an actual reflection of the hardware layout. At any rate, inline the info that we don't care about externally as it shrinks things nicely. Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* sf: spansion: inline useless id definesMike Frysinger2012-07-20-22/+12
| | | | | | No need for dedicated defines when these really only get used once. Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* sf: drop unused/duplicate command definesMike Frysinger2012-07-20-75/+11
| | | | | | | In an effort to unify the spi flash drivers further, drop all the unused and/or duplicate command defines. Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* MTD: SPEAr SMI: Add write support for length < 4 bytesStefan Roese2012-07-07-4/+18
| | | | | | | | Needed for redundant environment for example. Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de> Cc: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Cc: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com>
* st_smi: Fixed page size for Winbond W25Q128FV flashArmando Visconti2012-07-07-1/+1
| | | | | | Signed-off-by: Armando Visconti <armando.visconti@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Change timeout loop implementationAmit Virdi2012-07-07-10/+17
| | | | | | | | | | | There are two problems in the current timeout loop implementation: 1. In case initial test failing, there will always be a delay of 1 ms 2. The delay duration is not tunable The new implementation addresses both these limitations. Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Fix bug in flash_print_info()Armando Visconti2012-07-07-2/+7
| | | | | | | | | If the flash size was smaller than 1MB then flash_print_info() was erroneously reporting 0 MB. Signed-off-by: Armando Visconti <armando.visconti@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Change the flash probing methodArmando Visconti2012-07-07-27/+65
| | | | | | | | | | THis patch introduces a new methodology for flash probing in which flash_devices[] table, looked-up thru the dev_id, is used to locate the flash geometry and information. Signed-off-by: Armando Visconti <armando.visconti@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Removed no needed dependency on ST_M25Pxx_IDArmando Visconti2012-07-07-32/+18
| | | | | | | | | | Since the smi erase code is very generic and works for any kind of flash, there is no need to test for ST_M25Pxx_ID flash types like m25p40 flashes). Signed-off-by: Armando Visconti <armando.visconti@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Fix smi read statusVipin Kumar2012-07-07-6/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | smi_read_sr fails sometimes because of TFF not getting set within assumed time. This condition may arise because of, for example, smi memory being in a erase mode. This fix is to enable reading the status register until timeout. Signed-off-by: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Move status register read before modifying ctrl registerShiraz Hashim2012-07-07-2/+4
| | | | | | Signed-off-by: Shiraz Hashim <shiraz.hashim@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Read status until timeout happensVipin KUMAR2012-07-07-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | SMI driver read status fails because the control register could not be overwritten. Instead, the read status should be tried until timeout. Signed-off-by: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Enhance the error handlingAmit Virdi2012-07-07-13/+21
| | | | | | | | | | | This commit does the following: - Reports error if SNOR flash is not found on the board - Changes smi_read_sr to return error using which a retry mechanism is implemented for reading flash status Signed-off-by: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Return error in case TFF is not setAmit Virdi2012-07-07-8/+14
| | | | | | | | | | Curently the code makes wrong assumption that the Transfer finished flag shall be set within the stipulated time. However, there may occur a scenario in which the TFF flag is not set. Return error in that case. Signed-off-by: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* st_smi: Add support for SPEAr SMI driverVipin KUMAR2012-07-07-4/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | SMI is the serial memory interface controller provided by ST. Earlier, a driver exists in the u-boot source code for the SMI IP. However, it was specific to spear platforms. This commit converts the same driver to a more generic driver. As a result, the driver files are renamed to st_smi.c and st_smi.h and moved into drivers/mtd folder for reusability by other platforms using smi controller peripheral. Signed-off-by: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* mtd/NAND: Remove obsolete SPEAr specific NAND driversVipin KUMAR2012-07-07-124/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | Since, SPEAr platform uses generic FSMC driver now, so spear specific files drivers/mtd/nand/spr_nand.c, arch/arm/include/asm/arch-spear/spr_nand.h are removed Signed-off-by: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de> Acked-by: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
* mtd/NAND: Add FSMC driver supportVipin KUMAR2012-07-07-0/+487
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Flexible static memory controller is a peripheral provided by ST, which controls the access to NAND chips along with many other memory device chips eg NOR, SRAM. This patch adds the driver support for FSMC controller interfacing with NAND memory. Signed-off-by: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com> Signed-off-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de> Acked-by: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
* sf: winbond: Add support for the Winbond W25Q80BLStephen Warren2012-07-07-0/+8
| | | | | | | This chip is present on the Compulab TrimSlice. Signed-off-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Tom Warren <twarren@nvidia.com>
* Merge branch 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-nand-flashWolfgang Denk2012-05-20-14/+28
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-nand-flash: NAND: Remove ONFI detection message to from bootup log driver/mtd:IFC: Fix possible memory leak driver/mtd: IFC NAND: Add support of ONFI NAND flash mtd, nand: move some printfs to debug output. nand_util: correct YAFFS image write function powerpc/85xx: fix NAND boot linker scripts for -fpic nand: extend .raw accesses to work on multiple pages
| * NAND: Remove ONFI detection message to from bootup logStefan Roese2012-05-18-2/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Without this patch, boot shows this messages upon NAND detection: NAND: ONFI flash detected ONFI param page 0 valid ONFI flash detected ONFI param page 0 valid 128 MiB With this patch, its back to the U-Boot "standard": NAND: 128 MiB Tested on x600 (SPEAr600). Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de> Cc: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Cc: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com> Cc: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com> Acked-by: Amit Virdi <amit.virdi@st.com> Signed-off-by: Scott Wood <scott@tyr.buserror.net>
| * driver/mtd:IFC: Fix possible memory leakPrabhakar Kushwaha2012-05-18-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | if priv->bank >= MAX_BANK, priv should be freed before returning ENODEV. Signed-off-by: Prabhakar Kushwaha <prabhakar@freescale.com> Signed-off-by: Scott Wood <scott@tyr.buserror.net>
| * driver/mtd: IFC NAND: Add support of ONFI NAND flashPrabhakar Kushwaha2012-05-18-5/+16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fix NAND_CMD_READID command for ONFI detect. - Add NAND_CMD_PARAM command to read the ONFI parameter page. Signed-off-by: Prabhakar Kushwaha <prabhakar@freescale.com> Acked-by: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com> Signed-off-by: Scott Wood <scott@tyr.buserror.net>
| * mtd, nand: move some printfs to debug output.Heiko Schocher2012-05-18-6/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | current U-Boot shows on startup (for example on the enbw_cmc board) the following printfs from the nand subsystem: Flash: 2 MiB NAND: Bad block table found at page 65472, version 0x01 Bad block table found at page 65408, version 0x01 nand_read_bbt: Bad block at 0x000002980000 nand_read_bbt: Bad block at 0x000003240000 128 MiB MMC: davinci: 0 remove them to debug output, so it shows with this patch: Flash: 2 MiB NAND: 128 MiB MMC: davinci: 0 Signed-off-by: Heiko Schocher <hs@denx.de> Cc: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com> Signed-off-by: Scott Wood <scott@tyr.buserror.net>
| * nand_util: correct YAFFS image write functionLiu, Wentao2012-05-18-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In function nand_write_skip_bad(),for YAFFS filesystem part, write_oob() will return 0 when success, so when rval equals 0, it should continue to write the next page, and no break. Signed-off-by: Wentao, Liu <wentao.liu@intel.com> Acked-by: Lei Wen <leiwen@marvell.com> Signed-off-by: Scott Wood <scott@tyr.buserror.net>
* | imx: nand: Support flash based BBTTimo Ketola2012-05-15-0/+33
|/ | | | | Signed-off-by: Timo Ketola <timo@exertus.fi> Acked-by: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
* linux/compat.h: rename from linux/mtd/compat.hMike Frysinger2012-04-30-10/+10
| | | | | | This lets us use it in more places than just mtd code. Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
* GCC4.6: Squash warnings in onenand_base.cWolfgang Denk2012-04-21-3/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | Fix gcc 4.6 build warnings: onenand_base.c: In function 'onenand_probe': onenand_base.c:2577:6: warning: variable 'maf_id' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable] Signed-off-by: Wolfgang Denk <wd@denx.de> Cc: Lukasz Majewski <l.majewski@samsung.com> Cc: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com> Tested-by: Lukasz Majewski <l.majewski@samsung.com>
* Merge branch 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-armWolfgang Denk2012-04-16-2/+9
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * 'master' of git://git.denx.de/u-boot-arm: ARM926EJS: Fix cache.c to comply with checkpatch.pl ARM926EJS: Make asm routines volatile in cache ops MX35: mx35pdk: wrong board revision ARM1136: MX35: Make asm routines volatile in cache ops ARM: add u-boot.imx as target for i.MX SOCs M28: Pull out CONFIG_APBH_DMA so it's always enabled DMA: Split the APBH DMA init into block and channel init imx: Return gpio_set_value in gpio_direction_output imx: Use GPIO_TO_PORT macro in the gpio driver instead of (gpio >> 5) imx: Add GPIO_TO_PORT macro in the mxc_gpio driver imx: Remove unneeded/repititive definitions from imx headers i.MX28: Allow coexistence of PIO and DMA mode for SD/MMC MX31: mx31pdk: drop enable_caches from board file i.MX28: Fix initial stack pointer position mx35: mx35pdk: fix when cache functions are linked mx35: flea3: fix when cache functions are linked ARM: 926ejs: use debug() for misaligned addresses ARM1136: add cache flush and invalidate operations mx6qsabrelite: Fix the serial console port mx6qsabrelite: Add boot switch setting information into the README i.MX6: mx6qsabrelite: add cache commands if cache is enabled i.MX6: implement enable_caches() i.MX6: define CACHELINE_SIZE MX53: DDR: Fix ZQHWCTRL field TZQ_CS mx28evk: Add a README file mx28: Split the README into a common part and a m28 specific part tricorder: Load kernel from ubifs tricorder: Add UBIFS cm-t35: fix Ethernet reset timing hawkboard: Add CONFIG_SPL_LIBGENERIC_SUPPORT BeagleBoard: Remove userbutton command and use gpio command instead OMAP: Move omap1510inn to Unmaintained / Orphaned
| * DMA: Split the APBH DMA init into block and channel initMarek Vasut2012-04-16-2/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This fixes the issue where mxs_dma_init() was called either twice or never, without introducing any new init hooks. The idea is to allow each and every device using the APBH DMA block to configure and request only the channels it uses, instead of making it call init for all the channels as is now. The common DMA block init part, which only configures the block, is then called from CPUs arch_cpu_init() call. NOTE: This patch depends on: http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/150957/ Signed-off-by: Marek Vasut <marex@denx.de> Cc: Stefano Babic <sbabic@denx.de> Cc: Wolfgang Denk <wd@denx.de> Cc: Detlev Zundel <dzu@denx.de> Cc: Fabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@freescale.com> Tested-by: Fabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@freescale.com>
* | drivers/mtd/spr_smi.c: Fix build warningAnatolij Gustschin2012-04-14-5/+0
|/ | | | | | | | | | Fix: spr_smi.c: In function 'smi_write': spr_smi.c:325:15: warning: variable 'WM' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable] Signed-off-by: Anatolij Gustschin <agust@denx.de> Cc: Vipin Kumar <vipin.kumar@st.com>
* onenand: Replace ONENAND_IS_MLC() with ONENAND_HAS_4KB()Lukasz Majewski2012-04-04-16/+29
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This replacement causes 4KB page size devices to work properly with u-boot. The old ONENAND_IS_MLC() behavior has been preserved by explicit setting of ONENAND_HAS_4KB_PAGE for those devices. This change makes the onenand_base.c file more resembling the respective kernel sources. Signed-off-by: Lukasz Majewski <l.majewski@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com> --- Test HW: - Samsung S5PC110 GONI - Samsung S5PC210 Universal
* onenand:samsung Target dependent OneNAND chip probe functionLukasz Majewski2012-04-04-7/+46
| | | | | | | | | | Separate callback for probing OneNAND memory chip. If no special function is defined, default implementation will be used. This approach gives more flexibility for OneNAND device probing. Signed-off-by: Lukasz Majewski <l.majewski@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
* i.MX28: Add cache support to MXS NAND driverMarek Vasut2012-03-29-3/+50
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Marek Vasut <marex@denx.de> Cc: Stefano Babic <sbabic@denx.de>
* NAND: TI: fix warnings in omap_gpmc.cStefano Babic2012-03-27-6/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | The following warnings are reported for boards using SOFT ECC. omap_gpmc.c:33:30: warning: 'hw_nand_oob' defined but not used omap_gpmc.c:78:13: warning: 'omap_hwecc_init' defined but not used omap_gpmc.c:116:12: warning: 'omap_correct_data' defined but not used omap_gpmc.c:182:12: warning: 'omap_calculate_ecc' defined but not used omap_gpmc.c:208:13: warning: 'omap_enable_hwecc' defined but not used Signed-off-by: Stefano Babic <sbabic@denx.de> Cc: Tom Rini <trini@ti.com> Cc: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
* cfi: fix the incomplete erased status check in buffer writeTao Hou2012-03-21-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | Without the fix, flash_write_cfibuffer will terminate the erased status check once an all-0xFF word has been found instead of continuing the erased status check utill the first non-0xFF word. Signed-off-by: Tao Hou <hotforest@gmail.com> Cc: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de> Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
* mtd/nand:Fix wrong usage of is_blank() in fsl_ifc_run_commandPrabhakar Kushwaha2012-02-28-24/+28
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Freescale IFC NAND Machine calculates ECC on 512byte sector and same is used in fsl_ifc_run_command() during ECC status verification. Also this sector is passed to is_blank() for blank checking. It is wrong at first place because is_blank()'s implementation checks for Page size and OOB area size. is_blank() should be called per page for main and OOB area verification. Variables name are redefined to avoid confusion between buffer and ecc sector. Signed-off-by: Poonam Aggrwal <poonam.aggrwal@freescale.com> Signed-off-by: Prabhakar Kushwaha <prabhakar@freescale.com> Signed-off-by: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>